![]() ![]() Depressed individuals see themselves as inadequate and therefore, worthless they perceive the world’s demands as overwhelming and they dread that the future will bring nothing but more of the same. Ultimately the thinking of depressed person is characterized by a cognitive triad of automatic, repetitive, and negative thoughts about the self, the world, and the future. This style leads to what Beck and his colleagues (1979) refer to as primitive modes of organizing reality. ![]() The test-retest correlation coefficients were satisfactory (r 0.80, P < 0. They are rapid, automatic and spontaneous thoughts that people have in reaction to particular events. Results: The internal consistency of the CCL was excellent (Cronbach’s 0.95). When people are depressed, their automatic thoughts tend to shift into what Beck called the negative triad, which refers to negative thoughts about oneself, one’s future and the world. For example, when facing a task, a NAT may be ‘I’m going to fail’. In depression, NATs typically centre on themes of negativity, low self-esteem and uselessness. These cognitive distortions make it difficult for depressed people to make realistic judgments about events, often causing them to ignore positive feedback, which in turn perpetuates their depression. The third type of thought the cognitive model distinguishes is called automatic thought. Negative automatic thoughts (NATs) are thoughts that are involuntarily activated in certain situations. As a consequence of these cognitive processes, the person begins to experience sadness and other symptoms of depression, including loss of motivation and interest in activities.Īlso Read: The return gift Beck’s Cognitive Triad |theory of depression)īeck and his colleagues (1979) identified several cognitive distortions or “ thinking errors” that characterize how depressed people process information. Soon the person begins to see neutral or even pleasant events in a negative light. In line with the negative-schemas, the person’s thinking and interpretation of events become distorted, producing what Beck terms “ automatic thoughts”. Previous research has highlighted the important role of cognition in anxiety, including test anxiety. When a person suffers a loss in the arena that he or she values most, negative self-schemas become activated. Negative self-schemas have little influence until they are activated by the threat that accompanies significant life stressors. Beck says that basic beliefs about the self are person’s self-schemas. ![]() According to this theory, vulnerability to depression develops during childhood when basic beliefs about the self are formulated. One of the most influential theories of depression is Aaron Beck’s (1987) cognitive theory. ![]()
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